Editors’ introduction 1/2020 Profese online

Miroslav Kopecký

Profese online 2020, 13(1)

Care for patients with dementia

Jana Janoutová, Petr Ambroz, Anna Zatloukalová, Ondřej Machaczka, Martina Kovalová, Kateřina Němček, Vladimír Janout

Profese online 2020, 13(1):1-5 | DOI: 10.5507/pol.2020.003  

Background: Dementia is consequence of genetic, environmental and life-style factors interaction. At present dementi ais great challenge for public health all over the world. Aim: Many european countries already formulated National strategy for dementia including support of families because they often také care of patient with dementia. The aim of this work is to present basic information about dementia with a focus on care options for patients with dementia. Methods: Paper presents the information on dementia from literature search. The data were drawn from current publications and recommendations of the Ministry of Health and the Czech Alzheimer's...

Analysis of risk factors of mild cognitive impairment

Jana Janoutová, Petr Ambroz, Anna Zatloukalová, Ondřej Machaczka, Martina Kovalová, Kateřina Němček, Vladimír Janout

Profese online 2020, 13(1):6-9 | DOI: 10.5507/pol.2020.004  

Background: Term of Mild Cognitive Impairment has been introduced in 90 ies. It is described as transitional phase between normal aging and dementia. According to the development of age structure of population, diseases with alterd cognition are coming into the interesss of specialists as well as society. Aim: Paper presents basic problems of Mild Cognitive Impairment as well as selected results of epidemiological case-control study which try to ascertain risk factors responsible for transition of Mild Cognitive Impairment into Alzheimer´s Disease. Methods: Questionaire investigation and taking sample of blood for genetic analysis. Final statistical...

Genetic predisposition to Alzheimer's disease

Alice Hálová, Laura Ambrozová, Petr Ambroz, Anna Zatloukalová, Ondřej Machaczka, Jana Janoutová, Vladimír Janout

Profese online 2020, 13(1):10-16 | DOI: 10.5507/pol.2020.006  

Background: Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative disease, which is caused by a number of factors - one of them is genetic predisposition Whole-genome association studies make it possible to find candidate genes whose changes could contribute to the development of this disease. Aim: This literature review summarizes the findings of whole-genome association studies aimed at determining the genetic predisposition to late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Its aim is to compile an overview of candidate genes associated with this disease for future research. Methods: The work is processed in the form of literary research. It describes important...

Atherosklerosis and dementia

Anna Zatloukalová, Martin Roubec, David Školoudík, Petr Ambroz, Ondřej Machaczka, Jana Janoutová, Vladimír Janout

Profese online 2020, 13(1):17-21 | DOI: 10.5507/pol.2020.007  

Background: The number of patients with atherosclerosis and dementia is increasing, mainly due to the increase in life expectancy and population aging. Both diseases are closely related and at the same time significantly affect the quality of life of patients. Objective: The aim of this communication is to present this topical issue across the field of expertise. Methods: Data were taken from current publications, especially from PubMed database. Furthermore, other databases and results of clinical trials were used, both foreign and Czech. Results: Research suggests that atherosclerotic involvement of carotid arteries is a potential predictor of the...

The relationship between hypertension and dementia - a brief overview

Ondřej Machaczka, Jana Janoutová, Petr Ambroz, Anna Zatloukalová, Vladimír Janout

Profese online 2020, 13(1):22-28 | DOI: 10.5507/pol.2020.005  

Background: The prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases, including dementia, is expected to increase given the aging population. These diseases have an unfavourable prognosis, but early treatment can slow their progression and keep patients in lighter stages. Hypertension is a well-known risk factor, but the relationship between hypertension and Alzheimer's disease, the most common cause of age-related dementia, is still not fully understood. Aim: The aim is to give a brief overview of the current knowledge of the relationship of hypertension and dementia with a focus on Alzheimer's disease. Methods: For the purposes of this work, a review of information...

Quality of life in patients with chronic back pain

Jana Haluzíková, Gabriela Wieclawová

Profese online 2020, 13(1):29-37 | DOI: 10.5507/pol.2019.005  

Background: Back pain often recurs in patients or becomes chronic. It can cause long-term incapacity for work and hamper resuming of work. Pain is a complex experience with an impact on biopsychosocial and economic levels. Pain also influences mobility and quality of life. Aim: The present paper aimed at measuring the quality of life in patients with chronic back pain. Further objectives were to determine if pain intensity was reduced during pharmacotherapy and if pain intensity has an impact on the quality of life. Methodology: The SF-36 questionnaire was employed to assess the quality of life and VAS to assess pain. Results: He results of this survey...

Prevalence and risk factors for urinary incontinence in pregnancy

Erika Maskálová, Eva Urbanová, Sabína Krchová

Profese online 2020, 13(1):38-45 | DOI: 10.5507/pol.2020.002  

Background: Urinary incontinence is a common symptom in pregnancy that can negatively affect a woman's quality of life. Aim: to determine the prevalence and incidence of risk factors urinary incontinence in pregnancy. Methods: The study group was consisted of women aged 18-45 years. Data were collected from 133 women in the third trimester of pregnancy using the Slovak validated version of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form. The research was conducted at the hospital in Myjava, Slovakia between December 2013 - January 2014. Results: Of the total number of respondents (n = 133), 64.66% of the women enrolled in...

Patient life style with anti-coagulation treatment: first results of the pilot study

Anna Zatloukalová, Miroslav Homza, Martina Kovalová

Profese online 2020, 13(1):46-55 | DOI: 10.5507/pol.2020.010  

Background: Lifestyle is an important risk factor for many, especially non-infectious diseases such as cardiovascular diseases. These are diseases with a long-term high incidence and mortality in the Czech Republic and abroad. They are often very preventable. Anticoagulants reduce pathologically increased blood coagulation in many of these diseases. In addition to the most commonly used Warfarin, we now have new direct oral anticoagulants (Pradaxa, Xarelto, Eliquis, Lixiana). Objective: The aim of the pilot study is to obtain valuable information about the lifestyle of patients receiving anticoagulant treatment. Methods: The information was collected...

Epidemiology of atrial fibrillation

Anna Zatloukalová

Profese online 2020, 13(1):56-64 | DOI: 10.5507/pol.2020.008  

Background: Atrial fibrillation is a pending rhythm disorder in the population. Its incidence and prevalence are increasing not only in the Czech Republic but also in the world. It is therefore possible that it threatens to  trust.Objective: The aim of the communication is to acquaint healthcare professionals across this field with this topic.Methods: A search method was used to find available words in Czech, but especially in foreign databases.Results: In the Czech Republic there are almost 300,000 patients, in the world the number is climbing to 30  million patients and is growing every year. Age, gender, and genetic factors are...

Impact of genital warts on quality of life - literature review

Alena Rosezínová, David Školoudík

Profese online 2020, 13(1):65-75 | DOI: 10.5507/pol.2020.009  

Conclusions: Patients with genital warts have a worse quality of life. The disease also has a negative impact on their sexual and emotional life. Gender, extent, localization and recurrent or persistent warts are the factors that have the greatest impact on the quality of life. Treatment of genital warts should not only focus on the removal of lesions, but should be comprehensive. A psychologist and sexologist should also be available to patients.

Coronaviruses

Vladimír Janout

Profese online 2020, 13(1)

Všeobecná sestra - instrumentářka

Fakultní nemocnice Olomouc

Profese online 2020, 13(1)