Profese online 2020, 13(1):22-28 | DOI: 10.5507/pol.2020.005

The relationship between hypertension and dementia - a brief overview

Ondřej Machaczka1, Jana Janoutová1,2, Petr Ambroz1,2, Anna Zatloukalová1,2, Vladimír Janout1
1 Centrum vědy a výzkumu, Fakulta zdravotnických věd, Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci, Olomouc, Česká republika
2 Ústav zdravotnického managementu, Fakulta zdravotnických věd, Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci, Olomouc, Česká republika

Background: The prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases, including dementia, is expected to increase given the aging population. These diseases have an unfavourable prognosis, but early treatment can slow their progression and keep patients in lighter stages. Hypertension is a well-known risk factor, but the relationship between hypertension and Alzheimer's disease, the most common cause of age-related dementia, is still not fully understood.

Aim: The aim is to give a brief overview of the current knowledge of the relationship of hypertension and dementia with a focus on Alzheimer's disease.

Methods: For the purposes of this work, a review of information and current scientific knowledge about the relationship of hypertension and dementia was performed.

Results: Scientific evidence suggests that hypertension plays an important role in the development of cognitive decline, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia. However, the relationship between blood pressure and cognitive function is very complex and still not fully understood. The most important factor influencing the effect of hypertension on the development of dementia is age. Other factors are insulin resistance, menopause, inflammation and the APOE-ε4 genotype. The mechanism of these interactions remains unclear. As well as the relationship of hypertension and Alzheimer's disease, whose study is complicated by many factors.

Conclusions: In this respect, hypertension is a possible modifiable risk factor that can play a significant role in preventing or delaying age-related cognitive impairment. Therefore, understanding the relationship between hypertension and dementia is a research priority.

Keywords: Hypertension, Dementia, Alzheimer's disease

Received: March 2020; Accepted: June 2020; Published: July 2020  Show citation

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Machaczka, O., Janoutová, J., Ambroz, P., Zatloukalová, A., & Janout, V. (2020). The relationship between hypertension and dementia - a brief overview. Profese Online, 13(1), 22-28. doi: 10.5507/pol.2020.005
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