Editorál 1/2021 časopisu Profese online

doc. MUDr. Viktor Mravčík, Ph.D.

Profese online 2021, 14(1)

TOBACCO SMOKING FROM THE VIEW OF DIFFERENT PROFESSIONS, TREATMENT, SMOKING CESSATION, HARM REDUCTION

Eva Králíková

Profese online 2021, 14(1):36-41  

Tobacco smoking is the cause of about one-sixth of all deaths in the Czech Republic each year, around 8 million worldwide. Tobacco dependence is a diagnostic unit. Effective treatment exists and should therefore be offered and available like in case of other diseases. Even so, it is difficult to get rid of this addiction, so smoke-free nicotine can also be a benefit. Not only all physicians but also nurses and other health care professionals in clinical practice should be interested in smoking of their patients. A specific approach should focus on smokers with low socio-economic status, among whom the prevalence of smoking is the highest.

Methamphetamine use and consequences in context of drug situation in the Czech Republic

Viktor Mravčík, Pavla Chomynová, Barbara Janíková, Kateřina Grohmannová, Barbora Orlíková

Profese online 2021, 14(1):42-56  

Background: Methamphetamine (referred to as pervitin) has been a part of the phenomenon of illicit drug use in the Czech Republic for half a century, and situation in the Czech Republic (and Slovakia) in this regard is exceptional in the European context.Aim: To summarize evolution and current situation of in methamphetamine use in the Czech Republic in context of the overall drug situation.Methodology: Narrative review of published data from epidemiological research and health statistics.Results: While cannabis and the most prevalent stimulant ecstasy (MDMA) are the most widespread illicit drugs in the Czech Republic, the rate of...

CURRENT SITUATION, TRENDS AND CONSEQUENCES OF ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

Pavla Chomynová, Tereza Černíková, Viktor Mravčík

Profese online 2021, 14(1):57-73  

Background: Alcohol use has substantial negative impact on public health. In the Czech Republic, alcohol consumption, as well as heavy episodic drinking, has been very high in the long run, however, the consequences of alcohol use are not systematically monitored.Aim: The aim of the manuscript is to provide an overview of available information on prevalence and patterns of alcohol use in the Czech Republic with a focus on problem alcohol use, and its health and social consequences.Methodology: Available information on alcohol use and its consequences includes in particular data from representative population and school surveys, and routine...

SUBSTANCE USE IN OLDER AGE GROUPS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

Tereza Černíková, Pavla Chomynová, Viktor Mravčík

Profese online 2021, 14(1):74-85  

Background: The process of aging is associated with a number of complications that can be further exacerbated by substance use. Available foreign research information shows that this age group is relatively at high risk of substance use disorders; however, in the Czech Republic the substance use in older age groups is not systematically monitored.Aim: The aim of the manuscript is to provide a summary of the current situation and an overview of the problem extent in the areas of alcohol use, psychoactive medicines and illicit drugs in older age groups in the Czech Republic.Methodology: The overview is based on prevalence data from the latest...

TOBACCO USE IN SLOVAKIA AS A PUBLIC HEALTH ISSUE

Tibor Baška

Profese online 2021, 14(1):86-91  

Background: Tobacco use is a widespread public health issue in Slovakia and presents one of the most significant preventable risk factors of chronic diseases.Aim: The review summarizes current available epidemiological data in tobacco use and its health consequences in context of respective public health preventive measures.Methodology: The review summarizes official World Health Organization estimates as well as epidemiological data from Global Tobacco Surveillance System and Global Burden of Disease projects.Results: Cigarette smoking remains a dominant form of tobacco use in Slovakia. According to official estimates, 27.1% of males...

THE ORIGIN, DEVELOPMENT, AND CURRENT STATUS OF THE HEALTH PROFESSION OF AN ADDICTOLOGIST IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC IN THE BROADER CONTEXT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ADDICTOLOGY FIELD

Michal Miovský, Libra J., Volfová A., Gabrhelík R., Lososová A.

Profese online 2021, 14(1):92-101  

A shortage of appropriately qualified and trained practitioners to staff the emerging addiction services in the 1990s initiated a process which eventually led to the establishment of the health profession of an addictologist in the Czech Republic. In the course of time, this new profession developed into a distinctive and well-acclaimed field of expertise which went beyond its original scope and gave rise to a unique concept of a study programme against the background of an emancipating transdisciplinary field of study. It is intended to address the full scope of relevant topics, ranging from prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation to the process...

The effect of a sexual aktivity on the mental health of a woman (student contribution)

Karolína Heldtová, Věra Vránová

Profese online 2021, 14(1):1-8  

Background: The quality of sexual activity has a serious impact on a woman's mental state. Aim: To study the level of uncertainty feelings in women before a sexual activity, the level of mental relaxedness during a sexual activity and the level of sad feelings after a sexual activity. Methodology: Standardized quantified questionnaire Female Sexual Function Index was used, which was modified and translated into Czech. Furthermore, it was extended by socio-demographic questions and by questions related to mental well-being during a sexual activity. The questionnaire contained a total of twenty-six questions. The research survey involved sexually active...

A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR DIETETICS EDUCATION, PRACTICE AND PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

Martin Krobot, Victoria Hawk, Veronika Spáčilová, Zlata Kapounová

Profese online 2021, 14(1):9-18  

Background: Food and nutrition play an essential role in human health. Evidence-based research supports the important role of dietitians providing medical nutrition therapy for the prevention, management and treatment of many diseases and conditions. Officially recognized in 1951, dietitians (formerly dietary nurses) have an important history in the Czech Republic. Aim: This narrative review aims to examine the history of nutrition care in the Czech Republic and identify future opportunities for the development and contributions of dietitians. We include information about education, relevant legislation, licensure, scope of practice, the current workforce,...

Effect of early rehabilitation in patients after cardiac surgery

Roman Husár, Ladislav Štěpánek, Dagmar Horáková

Profese online 2021, 14(1):19-23  

Backgound: Cardiorehabilitation is a comprehensive approach to patients, which includes both physical activity and emphasis on adherence to the principles of secondary prevention and lifestyle changes. It is an important part of the prevention and treatment of patients at high cardiovascular risk. Aim: The aim of the work was to evaluate the effect of early cardiorehabilitation on a group of patients who completed the cardiorehabilitation regime in 2019 in the spa Teplice nad Bečvou. Methodology: The analyzed group consisted of 53 patients who underwent a 28-day regime of early cardiorehabilitation in the spa after cardiac surgery. The effect of the...

NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS AND THEIR EFFECTIVENESS IN RELATION TO QUALITY OF LIFE IN POST-STROKE PATIENTS - EVALUATION OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS (student contribution)

Eva Prušová, David Školoudík

Profese online 2021, 14(1):24-35  

Background: Cerebrovascular accident has an impact on the patient's quality of life regardless of how it affects morbidity or mortality. Quality of life is most often used as an evaluation criterion for the selection of therapeutic interventions within clinical research. Appropriate recommendations and use of specific treatment procedures must be proved according to the requirements of Evidence-Based Medicine. Aim: The review study aimed to summarize the scientifically substantiated evidence on the ways and effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions and their impact on patients' higher quality of life after a cerebrovascular accident. Methodology:...

THE IMPACT OF STROKE ON SELF-SUFFICIENCY AND QUALITY OF LIFE (student contribution)

Marcela Dąbrowská, Dalibor Pastucha, Iva Fiedorová

Profese online 2021, 14(1):102-110  

Background: Globally, stroke is one of the most common acute conditions in neurology, and the Czech Republic is at the forefront of the table with the highest morbidity and mortality due to stroke. The long-term effects of stroke on the health, social role and quality of life of patients bring a significant economic burden on the health and social system. Aim: The aim of this article is to define the impact of stroke on changes in self-sufficiency and the possibility of assessing the quality of life with the connection of long-term coordinated rehabilitation from the perspective of an occupational therapist. Methodology: Data were drawn from current...

Univerzální vakcína proti chřipce

Vladimír Janout

Profese online 2021, 14(1)

Právě vyšlo - knižní novinka!

"Medicína založená na důkazu a klinická epidemiologie" Vladimír Janout, Jana Janoutová

Redakce časopisu Profese online

Profese online 2021, 14(1)